Chrysophyllum albidum Reversed Mitochondrial Dysfunction and Dyslipidemia in Diabetic Wistar Rats

Abstract

This study investigated in vitro and in vivo effect of methanol extract of Chrysopyllum albidum (C. albidum) stem bark on mitochondrial membrane permeability transition pore (MMPTP) opening, lipid peroxidation (LPO) and blood lipids in diabetic male Wistar rats. Normal male rats (5) were studied in vitro. Forty rats (160-180g), divided into four groups of 10 animals: Normal control, Diabetic untreated, Diabetic treated and Normal treated were used for in vivo study. Diabetes was induced with a single intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (120mg/kg) in overnight fasted rats. Animals were treated with methanol extract of C. albidum (500mg/kg) orally for 4weeks. The liver was excised for mitochondrial isolation from five animals per group under light ether anaesthesia after two and four weeks of treatment. The MMPTP opening, LPO, total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG), High density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-c), Low density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL-c), Very low Density Lipoprotein-cholesterol (VLDL-c) and blood glucose were assessed in all groups. Data obtained were analyzed using one way ANOVA and significance considered at P<0.05. The in vitro study showed that the extract did not induce MMPTP opening while it inhibited LPO at all concentrations. The in vivo study showed that the extract significantly inhibited MMPTP opening, reduced TC, TG, LDL-c and VLDL-c (80.20±22.81, 47.75± 13.73, 50.67±7.59 and 9.55±2.75 mg/dl respectively) while it increased HDL-c (9.70±1.66mg/dl) compared to normal and diabetic untreated. Methanol extract of Chrysophyllum albidum inhibited lipid peroxidation, reversed MMPTP opening, ameliorated hyperglycaemia and dyslipidemia induced by diabetes mellitus.