Antidiabetic activity of Peristrophe bicalyculata Leaf Extract in Streptozotocin and Alloxan-induced diabetic rats

Abstract

The present study was designed to investigate the antidiabetic and antihyperlipidemic effect of Peristrophe bicalyculata leaves extract in Wistar rats. Streptozotocin and alloxan were used to induce type 1 diabetes or chemically-induced diabetes. In each experiment, forty-nine albino rats (120 – 150 g) were divided into 7 groups (n=7). Rats in group A (Control) and B (Diabetic control) were administered 0.2ml/day of distilled water. Group C rats were administered Glibenclamide (5 mg/kg, oral). Rats in group D (non-diabetic rats), E, F and G were administered P. bicalyculata methanol extract (400, 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg body weight) orally respectively for 1 week. Evaluation of fasting blood glucose level, lipid profiling, and adiponectin levels were carried out. Fasting blood glucose levels and plasma lipid profiles of diabetic control rats were significantly higher than those of normal control rats. Administration of 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg methanol extract of P. bicalyculata significantly reduced blood glucose level when compared to diabetic control after one week (168 hours). At 100 mg/kg of P. bicalyculata extract (specifically), the serum level of low density lipoprotein cholesterol was reduced and that of high density lipoprotein cholesterol was enhanced compared to diabetic control (p<0.05). The serum level of triglyceride and very low density lipoprotein was reduced. At 400 mg/kg concentration, there was a significant reduction in serum total cholesterol level. Results also revealed that 100 mg/kg leaves extract significantly increased adiponectin levels in pre-treated diabetic rats compared to non-treated diabetic rats.